Esemen Land Use...

Malam nie x de idea lalu lalang di mida ku, tp tagn ni masih kelam kabut nk post sumtin. So, this entry biar ak share assignment ak.. Tajuknya adalah

Application of geographic Information System in Urban Land Use Planning in Malaysia.

~maaf jika Englishku berteraboq, x sempat kutip, ngantuk!!~

Increase in urban population resulted from migration and population growth create pressure to develop land because of high demand for housing and services. The significant increase of urban population resulted from Malaysian’s government industrialization policy since 1970’s. Department of Statistic, Malaysia suggested that by the year 2020, Malaysia’s population will increase to 40.6 million with 70% of population in urban areas and the built up area is expected to increase to 5.8% or 768,000 hectares. The changes in land use can generate local, regional or global impact on biodiversity, landscape or living environment. Hence, to ensure an urban development that does not give a negative impact to the society, economy and environment, Local and Federal Authorities at local and regional level need to plan and monitor a comprehensive urban land use.

Town and Country Planning Department (JPBD) is established to plan, monitor and forecast the use and development of land in Malaysia and responsible for urban planning and monitoring. In order to manage and plan development effectively, JPBD also involved in research and development. Under JPBD, Geotechnical Spatial Analysis Research and Development (GSARD) was established to focus primarily on planning and post-planning practices for various sectors of urban and regional planning processes, evaluate and test the new techniques and approaches in planning land use development. Geographic Information System (GIS) plays an important role in urban planning in managing, updating and mapping land use information.  GSARD aimed to apply GIS and decision making software for structure and local planning studies related to plan generation and evaluation purpose.

Although urban planning started since colonial period and influenced by British planning regulation, recently local universities started to play its role in producing enough graduates for planning sectors who also acquired GIS skills. Beside, local university also conducting research on GIS and its application in land use planning. During the early period, GIS application in urban planning were limited to the use of functions available within the software, but nowadays GIS has been used in recording and mapping the distribution of land use and also monitoring, updating, planning and predicting land use changes. A research group in few local university plays an important roles in enhancing spatial analytical capabilities of GIS and also promoting GIS application in urban planning in Malaysia.

However there is a few challenges of using GIS in planning and monitoring urban land use need to be overcome. First is data availability in digital format. This data is important in evaluating urban land use problem, hence, it need to be update from reliable source and available at suitable scale. As in Malaysia, useful digital dataset available are few, hence Malaysian Geospatial Data Infrastructure (MyGDI) are established to become data provider and reduce the burden if data input in future GIS project. Besides, data must be available at different time period and transformed to uniform spatial scale but it’s quite problematic because there are only a few record of historical land use data. Next challenge is personnel who is responsible for updating land use map and evaluate strategic plan using GIS. Presently, small senior group planners and private consultant conducted land use allocation while management of spatial data using GIS is handle by technical staff. But, in order to used spatial model in urban planning, planner must be able to use GIS application to built a modelling framework. Beside, if the responsible staff is transferred, it is difficult to sustain GIS project. Lastly, GIS application in urban planning faces with an organization challenge. It is because the implementation of GIS unit as new technology need to be fully supported by the top management to ensure sufficient funding and resources allocated toward this project and lack organizational support cause the implementation of GIS failed.

To conclude, eventhough the implementation of GIS in land use planning is quite slow, it is believe that the development of National Physical Plan will spurt the use of GIS.

Sekian, harap maklum... Amin